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Land
Area total: 377,835 sq km, slightly smaller than California
Climate: varies from tropical in south to cool temperate in north.
Terrain: mostly rugged and mountainous
Lowest point: Hachiro-gata -4 m
Highest point: Fujiyama 3,776 m
Natural resources: negligible mineral resources, fish
Natural hazards: many dormant and some active volcanoes; about 1,500 seismic occurrences (mostly tremors) every year; tsunamis
People
Population: 126,549,976 (2000 est.)
Age structure: 0-14 years: 15% (male 9,575,637; female 9,105,713) 15-64 years: 68% (male 43,363,054; female 42,980,253)
65 years and over: 17% (male 9,024,015; female 12,501,304) (2000 est.)
Life expectancy: total population: 80.7 years
male: 77.51 years
female: 84.05 years
Ethnic groups: Japanese 99.4%, other 0.6% (mostly Korean)
Religions: observe both Shinto and Buddhist 84%, other 16% (including Christian 0.7%)
Languages: Japanese
Government
Government type: Constitutional Monarchy
Capital: Tokyo
Independence: 660 BC (traditional founding by Emperor Jimmu)
National holiday: Birthday of the Emperor, 23 December (1933)
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